andesite olivine 0.061 Matsui et al. 1977 basalt amphibole 2.16 Matsui et al. 1977 basalt low calcium pyroxene 0.45 1.67 Matsui et al. 1977 basalt low calcium pyroxene 1.67 Onuma et al. 1968 basanite amphibole 0.159 LaTourrette et al. 1995 mica dacite biotite 3.9 Matsui et al. 1977